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File:Betelgeuse captured by ALMA.jpg

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English: This orange blob shows the nearby star Betelgeuse, as seen by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). This is the first time that ALMA has ever observed the surface of a star and this first attempt has resulted in the highest-resolution image of Betelgeuse available. Betelgeuse is one of the largest stars currently known — with a radius around 1400 times larger than the Sun’s in the millimeter continuum. About 600 light-years away in the constellation of Orion (The Hunter), the red supergiant burns brightly, causing it to have only a short life expectancy. The star is just about eight million years old, but is already on the verge of becoming a supernova. When that happens, the resulting explosion will be visible from Earth, even in broad daylight. The star has been observed in many other wavelengths, particularly in the visible, infrared, and ultraviolet. Using ESO’s Very Large Telescope astronomers discovered a vast plume of gas almost as large as our Solar System. Astronomers have also found a gigantic bubble that boils away on Betelgeuse’s surface. These features help to explain how the star is shedding gas and dust at tremendous rates (eso0927, eso1121). In this picture, ALMA observes the hot gas of the photosphere of Betelgeuse at sub-millimeter wavelengths — where localised increased temperatures explain why it is not symmetric. Scientifically, ALMA can help us to understand the extended atmospheres of these hot, blazing stars. Links: Size comparison: Betelgeuse and the Sun
Español: Esta burbuja naranja es la cercana estrella Betelgeuse vista por ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array). Es la primera vez que ALMA observa la superficie de una estrella, y este primer intento ha dado como resultado la imagen de mayor resolución de Betelgeuse disponible hasta ahora.

Betelgeuse es una de las estrellas más grandes conocidas en la actualidad, con un radio unas 1.400 veces más grande que el del Sol en el continuo del rango milimétrico. Situada a unos 600 años luz de distancia, en la constelación de Orión (el cazador), esta supergigante roja refulge ardiente, lo que provoca que tenga una corta esperanza de vida. La estrella tiene tan solo unos 8 millones años, pero ya está a punto de convertirse en una supernova. Cuando esto suceda, la explosión resultante será visible desde la Tierra, incluso a plena luz del día.

La estrella se ha observado en muchas otras longitudes de onda, especialmente en los espectros visible, infrarrojo y ultravioleta. Utilizando el VLT (Very Large Telescope) de ESO, los astrónomos descubrieron un vasto penacho de gas casi tan grande como nuestro Sistema Solar. Los astrónomos también han descubierto una hirviente burbuja gigantesca en la superficie de Betelgeuse. Estas características ayudan a explicar cómo la estrella está deshaciéndose en gas y polvo a enormes velocidades (eso0927, eso1121). En esta imagen, ALMA observa el gas caliente de la baja cromosfera de Betelgeuse en longitudes de onda submilimétricas, donde las temperaturas crecientes localizadas explican por qué no es simétrica. Científicamente, ALMA nos puede ayudar a comprender la atmósfera expandida de estas ardientes estrellas calientes.
Data
Fonte http://www.eso.org/public/unitedkingdom/images/potw1726a/
Autore ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO)/E. O’Gorman/P. Kervella

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