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File:Norma Shearer, Rosalind Russell and Joan Crawford in The Women.jpg

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Descrizione
English: Norma Shearer, Rosalind Russell, and Joan Crawford in the American drama film The Women (1939). Costuem design by Adrian.
Data
Fonte Fine Art America
Autore Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Licenza
(Riusare questo file)
English: This is a publicity still taken and publicly distributed to promote the subject or a work relating to the subject.
  • As stated by film production expert Eve Light Honathaner in The Complete Film Production Handbook (Focal Press, 2001, p. 211.):
    "Publicity photos (star headshots) have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary."
  • Nancy Wolff, in The Professional Photographer's Legal Handbook (Allworth Communications, 2007, p. 55.), notes:
    "There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them."
  • Film industry author Gerald Mast, in Film Study and the Copyright Law (1989, p. 87), writes:
    "According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible."
  • Kristin Thompson, committee chairperson of the Society for Cinema and Media Studies writes in the conclusion of a 1993 conference of cinema scholars and editors[1], that:
    "[The conference] expressed the opinion that it is not necessary for authors to request permission to reproduce frame enlargements... [and] some trade presses that publish educational and scholarly film books also take the position that permission is not necessary for reproducing frame enlargements and publicity photographs."

Licenza

Quest'opera è nel pubblico dominio perché pubblicata negli Stati Uniti fra il 1930 e il 1977, inclusi, senza un avviso di copyright. A meno che l'autore non sia morto da molti anni, non è nel pubblico dominio nei Paesi o nelle aree che non applicano la regola della durata più breve per le opere statunitensi, come Canada (70 pma), Cina (50 pma, ma non Hong Kong o Macao), Germania (70 pma), Messico (100 pma), Svizzera (70 pma), e altri Paesi con trattati individuali. Vedi questa pagina per ulteriori informazioni.

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attuale05:34, 19 mag 2022Miniatura della versione delle 05:34, 19 mag 2022710 × 900 (152 KB)Bleff{{Information |Description={{en|Norma Shearer, Rosalind Russell and Joan Crawford in The Women. Costuem design by Adrian.}} |Source=[https://fineartamerica.com/featured/norma-shearer--rosalind-russell-and-joan-crawford-in-the-women-1939--album.html Fine Art America] |Date=1939 |author={{unknown|author}} |permission={{Publicity still}} |other versions= }} =={{int:license-header}}== {{PD-US-no-notice}} Category:Clothing designed by Adrian‎ Category:Joan Crawford in 1939 [[Category:Fas...

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