Wikipedia

Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association

La Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) è stata una delle prime conference atletiche dello sport collegiale statunitense. Ben ventisette scuole che partecipano attualmente alla Division I FBS (precedentemente Division I-A) sono state membri di questa conference, e tutti i membri della attuale Southeastern Conference ad eccezione di Arkansas e Missouri, così come sei dei quindici membri della Atlantic Coast Conference sono stati precedentemente parte della SIAA.

Storia

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La SIAA fu fondata il 21 dicembre 1894 dal dottor William Dudley, professore di chimica presso la Vanderbilt[1]. I membri originali furono Alabama, Auburn, Georgia, Georgia Tech, North Carolina, Sewanee e Vanderbilt. Clemson, Cumberland, Kentucky, LSU, Mercer, Mississippi, Mississippi A&M (Mississippi State), Southwestern Presbyterian University, Tennessee, Texas, Tulane e la University of Nashville entrarono a far parte della conference, l'anno successivo su invito[2]. I membri stilarono la costituzione e nominarono un comitato esecutivo, che stilò le regole per:

  • assemblee annuali
  • arbitraggio
  • limitazione a cinque anni di gioco per gli studenti-atleti
  • divieto agli atleti professionisti
  • obbligo di frequenza nella scuola di appartenenza dell'atleta
  • divieto per professori e allenatori di prendere parte alle gare come atleti
  • sospensione di singoli atleti e scuole
  • spese

La conference non ha mai dato molto peso alle manifestazioni sportive: teneva un appuntamento legato all'atletica leggera e per diversi anni ha realizzato un torneo di basket, in cui non sempre hanno partecipato tutte le scuole ma che, viceversa, ha ospitato anche scuole extra-conference. Nel 1903 venne organizzata una gara finale per decidere il vincitore del campionato di football americano ma prevalentemente per volere delle due squadre coinvolte (Clemson e Cumberland) che della conferenza stessa, e tutti i successivi sforzi delle scuole per ripetere tale evento furono vane. La maggior parte dei titoli SIAA vantati dalle scuole nei vari sport non furono ufficialmente sanciti dalla lega. Infatti, alcune scuole ubicate centralmente nella conference giocarono molte più partite intraconference delle altre scuole, rendendo difficile un equo confronto per determinare chiaramente la scuola migliore, soprattutto una volta che la Lega ha cominciato ad espandere costantemente la propria adesione tra i college del sud.

Nel 1915, sorse una controversia in seno alla conference relativamente l'ammissibilità delle matricole, la cosiddetta "one-year rule": le università più grandi si opposero all'ammissibilità dei giocatori matricola, mentre le scuole più piccole erano favorevoli. Come risultato, alcune delle grandi università formarono la Intercollegiate Southern Conference (attuale Southern Conference), che utilizzava tale regola, pur mantenendo l'appartenenza all'interno della SIAA.[3]

Alla riunione annuale della conference il 10 dicembre 1920, la SIAA respinse le proposte per vietare gli atleti matricola e abolire il baseball retribuito d'estate. In segno di protesta, alcune scuole che avevano votato a favore delle proposte subito annunciarono che avrebbero cercato di formare una nuova conference: il 25 febbraio 1921, Alabama, Auburn, Clemson, Georgia, Georgia Tech, Kentucky, Mississippi State e Tennessee lasciarono la SIAA per formare la Southern Conference, insieme con i membri non-SIAA Maryland, North Carolina, North Carolina State, Virginia, Virginia Tech, e Washington & Lee[4]. Nel 1922, la Southern Conference subì un ampliamento e aggiunse altri sei membri, tutti a spese della SIAA: Florida, Louisiana State, Mississippi, South Carolina, Tulane, e Vanderbilt.

Con la partenza della maggior parte dei principali college, la SIAA divenne una conference per piccoli college de facto nel 1923. Negli anni venti e trenta, la SIAA ha aumentò il numero di membri con l'aggiunta di molte altre piccole università. La conference infine si sciolse nel 1942 con l'inizio del coinvolgimento americano nella Seconda guerra mondiale. Gli archivi della lega furono mantenuti alla Vanderbilt, scuola fondante della lega, ma l'edificio che ospitava gli archivi fu sventrato da un incendio, e con esso innumerevoli elementi insostituibili relativi alla storia della SIAA.

Membri

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Membri originali in grassetto. Membri ad invito con l'asterisco.

Scuola Città Stato Periodo Abbandono per Attuale conference
Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama 1894–1917, 1919–1922 Southern Conference Southeastern Conference
Auburn Auburn Alabama 1894–1914, 1916–1922 Southern Conference Southeastern Conference
Centenary Shreveport Louisiana 1925–1941 Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference (D-III)
Centre Danville Kentucky 1910–1941 Southern Athletic Association (D-III)
Chattanooga Chattanooga Tennessee 1914–1916, 1919–1932 Southern Conference
The Citadel Charleston Carolina del Sud 1909–1935 Southern Conference Southern Conference
Clemson* Clemson Carolina del Sud 1895–1922 Southern Conference Atlantic Coast Conference
Cumberland* Lebanon Tennessee 1895–1903 Mid-South Conference (NAIA)
Dahlonega Dahlonega Georgia 1908–1909 Peach Belt Conference (D-II)
Davidson Davidson Carolina del Nord 1898–1906 Southern Conference (Atlantic 10 Conference in 2014)
Delta State Cleveland Mississippi 1936–1941 Gulf South Conference (D-II)
Eastern Kentucky Richmond Kentucky 1930–1942 Ohio Valley Conference
Emory & Henry Emory Virginia 1936–1941 Old Dominion Athletic Conference (D-III)
Erskine Due West Carolina del Sud 1923–1941 Conference Carolinas (D-II)
Florida Gainesville Florida 1910–1917, 1919–1922 Southern Conference Southeastern Conference
Furman Greenville Carolina del Sud 1898–1899, 1906–1910, 1920–1929, 1932–1935 Southern Conference Southern Conference
Georgetown Georgetown Kentucky 1915–1941 Mid-South Conference (NAIA)
Georgia Athens Georgia 1894–1914, 1916, 1919–1922 Southern Conference Southeastern Conference
Georgia Tech Atlanta Georgia 1894–1913, 1916–1922 Southern Conference Atlantic Coast Conference
Gordon Military College Barnesville Georgia 1906–1910 Georgia Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA)
Howard College (Samford) Homewood Alabama 1909–1912, 1914–1917, 1919–1931, 1933–1938 Southern Conference
Jacksonville State Jacksonville Alabama 1939–1940 Ohio Valley Conference
Kentucky* Lexington Kentucky 1895–1903, 1911–1922 Southern Conference Southeastern Conference
Kentucky Wesleyan Owensboro Kentucky 1925–1930 Great Midwest Athletic Conference (D-II)
Louisiana College Pineville Louisiana 1922–1941 American Southwest Conference (D-III)
Louisiana State* Baton Rouge Louisiana 1895–1917, 1919–1923 Southern Conference Southeastern Conference
Louisiana Tech Ruston Louisiana 1925–1942 Louisiana Intercollegiate Conference Conference USA
Louisville Louisville Kentucky 1914–1941 American Athletic Conference (Atlantic Coast Conference in 2014)
Loyola New Orleans Louisiana 1925, 1930–1937 Southern States Athletic Conference (NAIA)
Memphis State Memphis Tennessee 1935–1942 Independent American Athletic Conference
Memphis University School Memphis Tennessee 1908–1910 Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Association (HS)
Mercer* Macon Georgia 1895–1937 Atlantic Sun Conference (Pioneer Football League for football; Southern Conference for all sports in 2014)
Miami Coral Gables Florida 1929–1942 Independent Atlantic Coast Conference
Middle Tennessee Murfreesboro Tennessee 1931–1942 Conference USA
Millsaps Jackson Mississippi 1908–1909, 1913–1938 Southern Athletic Association (D-III)
Mississippi* Oxford Mississippi 1895–1912, 1914–1922 Southern Conference Southeastern Conference
Mississippi College Clinton Mississippi 1910–1917, 1919–1941 American Southwest Conference (D-III)
Mississippi A&M* Starkville Mississippi 1895–1922 Southern Conference Southeastern Conference
Morehead State Morehead Kentucky 1934–1942 Ohio Valley Conference
Murray State Murray Kentucky 1931–1942 Ohio Valley Conference
Nashville* Nashville Tennessee 1895–1908 University closed in 1909
Newberry Newberry Carolina del Sud 1922–1942 South Atlantic Conference (D-II)
North Carolina Chapel Hill Carolina del Nord 1894–1901 South Atlantic Intercollegiate Athletic Association Atlantic Coast Conference
Northwestern State Natchitoches Louisiana 1928–1941 Southland Conference
Oglethorpe Atlanta Georgia 1920–1925 Southern Athletic Association (D-III)
Presbyterian Clinton Carolina del Sud 1921–1942 Big South Conference
Rollins Winter Park Florida 1925–1942 Sunshine State Conference (D-II)
University of the South (Sewanee) Sewanee Tennessee 1894–1924 Southern Conference Southern Athletic Association (D-III)
South Carolina Columbia Carolina del Sud 1916–1922 Southern Conference Southeastern Conference
Southern Lakeland Florida 1925–1930 Sunshine State Conference (D-II)
Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi 1928–1941 Conference USA
Southern University (Birmingham-Southern) Birmingham Alabama 1901–1912 Southern Athletic Association (D-III)
Southwestern Presbyterian* (Rhodes) Memphis Tennessee 1895–1903 Southern Athletic Association (D-III)
Southwestern Louisiana (Louisiana–Lafayette) Lafayette Louisiana 1925–1942 Sun Belt Conference
Spring Hill Mobile Alabama 1927–1931 Southern States Athletic Conference (NAIA)
Stetson DeLand Florida 1925–1931, 1933–1940 Atlantic Sun Conference (Pioneer Football League for football)
Tampa Tampa Florida 1936–1942 Sunshine State Conference (D-II)
Tennessee* Knoxville Tennessee 1895–1916, 1919–1922 Southern Conference Southeastern Conference
Tennessee Tech Cookeville Tennessee 1933–1942 Ohio Valley Conference
Texas* Austin Texas 1895–1906 Independent Big 12 Conference
Texas A&M College Station Texas 1903–1908, 1913–1914 Southwest Conference Southeastern Conference
Transylvania Lexington Kentucky 1915–1924, 1926–1941 Heartland Collegiate Athletic Conference (D-III)
Trinity College (Duke) Durham Carolina del Nord 1903–1912 Atlantic Coast Conference
Troy State Troy Alabama 1936–1942 no team (WWII) Sun Belt Conference
Tulane* New Orleans Louisiana 1894–1906, 1911–1917, 1919–1922 Southern Conference Conference USA (American Athletic Conference in 2014)
Union Barbourville Kentucky 1933–1941 Appalachian Athletic Conference (NAIA)
Union Jackson Tennessee 1925–1942 Gulf South Conference (NCAA DII)
Vanderbilt Nashville Tennessee 1894–1924 Southern Conference Southeastern Conference
Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia 1898 Atlantic Coast Conference
Western Kentucky Bowling Green Kentucky 1921–1942 Sun Belt Conference (Conference USA in 2014)
Wofford Spartanburg Carolina del Sud 1903–1942 Southern Conference

Timeline

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Jacksonville State UniversityTroy UniversityUniversity of TampaEmory and Henry CollegeDelta State UniversityUniversity of MemphisMorehead State UniversityUnion College (Kentucky)Tennessee Technological UniversityMurray State UniversityMiddle Tennessee State UniversityUniversity of MiamiUniversity of Southern MississippiNorthwestern State UniversitySpring Hill CollegeWestern Kentucky UniversityUnion UniversityStetson UniversityUniversity of Louisiana at LafayetteFlorida Southern CollegeRollins CollegeLoyola University New OrleansLouisiana Tech UniversityKentucky Wesleyan CollegeCentenary College of LouisianaErskine CollegeLouisiana CollegePresbyterian CollegeNewberry CollegeBirmingham-Southern CollegeMillsaps CollegeOglethorpe UniversityWofford CollegeUniversity of South CarolinaTransylvania UniversityGeorgetown College (Kentucky)University of LouisvilleUniversity of Tennessee at ChattanoogaUniversity of FloridaCentre CollegeMississippi CollegeSamford UniversityThe Citadel, The Military College of South CarolinaDuke UniversityTAMUBirmingham–Southern CollegeFurman UniversityUniversity of MississippiEastern Kentucky UniversityTulane UniversityUniversity of Texas at AustinRhodes CollegeUniversity of NashvilleMississippi State UniversityMercer UniversityLouisiana State UniversityUniversity of KentuckyCumberland UniversityClemson UniversityGeorgia Institute of TechnologyUniversity of GeorgiaAuburn UniversityWake Forest Demon DeaconsUniversity of VirginiaVanderbilt UniversityUniversity of TennesseeSewanee: The University of the SouthSt. John's College (Annapolis/Santa Fe)University of North Carolina at Chapel HillJohns Hopkins UniversityUniversity of Alabama

Note

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  1. ^ Greg Roza, Football in the SEC (Southeastern Conference), p. 1, 2007, ISBN 1-4042-1919-6.
  2. ^ Handbook of Southern Intercollegiate Track and Field Athletics, John Wendell Bailey, Mississippi Agricultural and Mechanical College 1924
  3. ^ CONTENTdm Archiviato il 23 maggio 2011 in Internet Archive. Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association
  4. ^ http://www.soconsports.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=4000&ATCLID=177772&SPID=3001&SPSID=69769
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